Q-switchingfor Ti:Sapphire-manufacture,factory,supplier from China

Lithium Niobate (LiNbO3) is widely used  in fiber communication devices as birefringent crystal and used as electro-optic modulator and Q-switch for Nd:YAG, Nd:YLF and Ti:Sapphire lasers. It has good mechanical and physical properties and is ideal for optical polarizing components due to its wide transparency range and low cost. LiNbO3's applications for fiber communication include isolators, circulators, beam displacers, and other polarizing optics. The transverse modulation is mostly employed for LiNbO3 crystal.

E-O Q-switch based on DKDP (KD*P) crystals are one of the most popular Pockels cells in the market.Deuterated potassium dihydrogen phosphate has good transmission from 390 nm to 1400 nm (0.39 μm – 1.4 μm) and combined with high electro-optical coefficients makes it suitable for Pockels cells.Highly deuterated DKDP (D>99% – WISOPTIC) is necessary to reach effective electro-optical response.

RTP possesses a large electro-optic impact for light propagating along either the x or y direction (electric powered along z). It functions right optical transparency from around 400nm to over 4µm. RTP offers a high resistance to optical damage with energy ~1Gw/cm2 for 1ns pulses at 1064nm. It is largely total lack of piezo-electric resonances at 200kHz and probable beyond. The primary distinction between RTP and BBO whilst used for Q-switching pertains to the common power degree at which the Q-switch is capable of be used practically.

LN crystals are nonhygroscopic and have low absorption coefficient and insert loss. In addition, LN crystal can operate stably in a wide temperature range, which makes them the main EO crystal applied in military laser systems.LN electro-optic Q-switches are widely used in Er:YAG, Ho:YAG, Tm:YAG lasers, and are suitable for low-power Q-switched output, especially in laser ranging. LN Pockels cells can be very compact, and the half-wave voltage can be very low. By doping MgO in LiNbO3, the damage threshold of LN Pockels cells can been increased dramatically.

BBO features good optical transparency from around 200nm to over 2µm, offers a high resistance to optical damage with power handling >3GW/cm2 for 1ns pulses at 1064nm. It is possible to use BBO Pockels cells at average power levels of hundreds of watts and power densities of several kW/cm2. In addition, BBO Q-switches have very low levels of piezo-electric resonances.

The EO Q-switch (Pockels cell) is an electro-optic device in which the crystal produces linear changes in the birefringence of the crystal (in contrast to the Kerr Effect, which is quadratic with E). Pockels cells are essential components in various optical devices such as Q-switches for lasers, free space electro-optical modulators, free space switches.   WISOPTIC use highly deuterated DKDP (KD*P) crystal (D%>99%) to make high quality Q-switches with high laser induced damage threshold.

The improved hydrothermal-grown KTP crystal overcomes the common electrochromism damage of flux-grown KTP. The hydrothermal-grown KTP (HGTR-KTP, or GTR-KTP) has high damage threshold, large effective electro-optic coefficients and lower half-wave voltage.  KTP EO Q-switches made by HGTR-KTP crystals utilize thermally compensated double crystal designs. They are mainly used in pulse lasers with narrow pulse width and high repetition frequency.

Cr:YAG (Chromium doped Ytterium Aluminum Garnet, Cr:Y3Al5O12)  crystal is an excellent material for passive Q-switching of Nd:YAG and  other Nd or Yb doped lasers in the wavelength range of 0.8 to 1.2 μm. One of the remarkable features of Cr:YAG is its high damage threshold (500-1000 MW/cm2). Its absorption band extends from 800 nm to 1200 nm and peaks at around 1060nm with a very large absorption cross section.

RTP (Rubidium Titanyl Phosphate - RbTiOPO4) is a robust crystal material suitable for a wide range of E-O applications. It has advantages of higher damage threshold (about 1.8 times that of KTP), high resistivity, high repetition rate, no hygroscopic or piezoelectric effect.

HGTR (High Grey Track Resistance) KTP crystal developed by hydrothermal method overcomes the common phenomenon of electrochromism of the flux-grown KTP, thus has many advantages such as high electrical resistivity, low insertion loss, low half-wave voltage, high laser damage threshold, and wide transmission band.

Characterized by the excelent UV transmission, high damage threshold, and high birefringence, KDP (Potassium Dihydrogen Phosphate) are commonly used commercial NLO materials for doubling, tripling and quadrupling of Nd:YAG laser at room temperature or an elevated temperature. KDP are also excellent electro-optic (EO) crystals with high EO coefficients, thus popularly used as EO modulators and Pockels cells for Q-switched lasers.

Pockels Cell Driver for Q-Switching of Flashlamp Pumped LasersThese drivers are designed for Q-switching of nanosecond flashlamp pumped lasers without use of phase retardation plates, for example to drive a DKDP Pockels cell in YAG lasers for aesthetic therapy. High voltage is applied to Pockels cell in order to inhibit oscillation.

LiNbO3 (Lithium Niobate, LN) crystal is a multifunctional material that integrates properties of piezoelectric, ferroelectric, pyroelectric, nonlinear, electro-optical, photoelastic, etc. LiNbO3 has good thermal stability and chemical stability. Among the EO crystals, LN and DKDP are the two primary material that have been practical. DKDP crystals can be easily grown with a high optical homogeneity, which can satisfy the requirement of a large caliber Pockels cell.

BBO（Beta-Barium Borate, β-BaB2O4）based Pockels cells operate from approximately 0.2 - 1.65 µm and are not subject to tracking degradation. BBO exhibits low piezoelectric response, good thermal stability, and low absorption. Low piezoelectric ringing makes this Pockels cell attractive for the control of high-power and high-pulse repetition rate (hundreds of kilohertz, up to 1MHz) lasers.

Main SpecificationsDimensionsAperture2×2 ~ 14×14 mm2Length0.1 - 12 mmOrientation[100] or [111] (±1°)Doping Concentration0.5 ~ 3.0 mol%Initial Absorption Coefficient0.5 ~ 6.0 cm-1 @ 1064 nmInitial Transmission5% ~ 95% Surface Flatness< λ/8 @ 633 nmEnd Surface Parallelism< 30”Chamfer≤ 0.1 mm × 45°Surface Quality20-10 [s-d] (MIL-PRF-13830B)CoatingAR (R<0.2% @1064nm) or according to customer’s requestLIDT≥ 500 MW/cm2The pulse width of Cr4+:YAG passively Q-switched lasers could be as short as 5 ns for diode pumped Nd:YAG lasers and the repetition could be as high a

Characterized by the excelent UV transmission, high damage threshold, and high birefringence, KDP (Potassium Dihydrogen Phosphate)  and KD*P (Potassium Dideuterium Phosphate) are useful commercial NLO materials for doubling, tripling and quadrupling of Nd:YAG laser at room temperature or an elevated temperature. They are also excellent electro-optic (EO) crystals with high electro-optic coefficients, widely used as electro-optical modulators and Pockels cells for Q-switched lasers.

RTP (Rubidium Titanyl Phosphate - RbTiOPO4) is a very desirable crystal material for E-O modulators and Q-switches. It has advantages of higher damage threshold (about 1.8 times that of KTP), high resistivity, high repetition rate, no hygroscopic or piezoelectric effect. As biaxial crystals, RTP’s natural birefringence needs to be compensated by use of two crystal rods specially oriented so that beam passes along the X-direction or Y-direction.

LiNbO3 crystal is a low cost photoelectric material with good mechanical and physical properties as well as high optical homogeneity. It has been widely used as frequency doublers for wavelength > 1mm and optical parametric oscillators (OPOs) pumped at 1064nm as well as quasi-phase-matched (QPM) devices. With preferable E-O coefficients, LiNbO3 crystal has become the most commonly used material for Q-switches and phase modulators, waveguide substrate, and surface acoustic wave (SAW) wafers, etc.

Dye Laser Handpiece are devices that screw onto the end of the laser's arm and convert the energy that the laser produces into different, new wavelengths of light.The two most common dye handpiece wavelengths are 585 nm and 650 nm, which attach to Q-switched Nd:YAG lasers. For these wavelengths to be produced, the Nd:YAG's 1064 nm wavelength is frequency-doubled to produce the 532 nm wavelength, which is then converted by the dye handpieces to produce either 585 nm or 650 nm. WISOPTIC use in-house made dye laser cells to make dye laser handpieces.

Nd:YAG (Neodymium Doped Yttrium Aluminum Garnet, Nd:Y3Al5O12) has been and continues to be the most mature and most  widely used crystals for lasers, no matter solid state or lamp pumped, CW or pulsed. It possesses a combination of properties uniquely  favorable for laser operations. Nd:YAG crystals are used in all types of solid-state lasers systems-frequency-doubled continuous wave, high-energy Q-switched, and so on.

KTP Pockels are based on hydrothermal-grown high resistivity KTP crystals overcomes the common electrochromism damage of flux-grown KTP. Hydrothermal-grown KTP crystals have better optical homogeneity and higher damage threshold comparing to RTP crystals. This KTP crystal has large effective electro-optic coefficients and lower half-wave voltage. The Q-switch is built utilizing thermally compensated double crystal designs.

RTP crystal is widely used for Electro-Optic applications whenever low switching voltages are required. e.g. in laser Q-switching system with high frequency repetition, high power and narrow pulse width. RTP E-O devices are not only used in laser micromachining and laser ranging, but also in major scientific exploration projects due to their excellent comprehensive performance.As RTP is transparent from 400nm to 3.5µm, it can be used in multiple types of laser such as Er:YAG laser at 2.94µm with fairly good efficiency.

Compared to more commonly used KTP crystal, KTA crystal has larger non-linear optical and electro-optical coefficients. KTA has the added benefit of significantly reduced absorption in the 2 to 5 μm region.  It has found more and more applications in second harmonic generation (SHG), sum and difference frequency generation (SFG)/(DFG), optical parametric oscillation/ amplification (OPO/OPA), and electro-optical Q-switching. WISOPTIC do in-house growing and processing KTA crystal with high optical quality and various options of dimensional and coating specifications.

Cr:YAG  or Cr4+:YAG (Chromium doped Ytterium Aluminum Garnet, Cr:Y3Al5O12)  is an excellent  and widely used electro-optic material for passive Q-switching diode pumped or lamp-pumped Nd:YAG, Nd:YLF, Nd:YVO4 and other Nd or Yb doped lasers at wavelength 800~1200 nm. With advantages of chemical stability, durable, UV resistant, good thermal conductivity and high damage threshold (＞500 MW/cm2 ) and being easy to be operated, Cr:YAG is popularly used to substitute for many traditional materials such as LiF, organic dyes and color centers.