BBO(Beta-Barium Borate, β-BaB2O4)based Pockels cells operate from approximately 0.2 - 1.65 µm and are not subject to tracking degradation. BBO exhibits low piezoelectric response, good thermal stability, and low absorption. Due to the low piezoelectric coupling coefficients of BBO, BBO Pockels cells function at repetition rates of hundreds of kilohertz.
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The high
damage threshold makes BBO cells more attractive than others in the high
power systems. Like LiNbO3 Pockels cells, BBO Pockels cells work in
transverse mode, which makes the cells very compact, and the half-wave
voltage designable. BBO Pockels cells are also suitable for systems with
high repetition rates.WISOPTIC has been granted of several patents for its technology of BBO Pockels cells. WISOPTIC’s mass products of BBO Pockels cell are gaining worldwide customers’ interest and trust for its high cost performance.
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Potassium dideuterium phosphate DKDP (KD * P) crystal has low optical loss, high extinction ratio, and excellent electro-optical performance. DKDP Pockels cells are made by using the longitudinal effect of DKDP crystals. The modulation effect is stable and the pulse width is small.
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HGTR (high anti-grey track) KTP crystal developed by hydrothermal method overcomes the common phenomenon of electrochromism of the flux-grown KTP, thus has many advantages such as high electrical resistivity, low insertion loss, low half-wave voltage, high laser damage threshold, and wide transmission band.KTP Pockels cells made by HGTR-KTP crystal are mainly used in pulse lasers with narrow pulse width and high repetition frequency.
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E-O Q-switch based on DKDP (KD*P) crystals are one of the most popular Pockels cells in the market.Deuterated potassium dihydrogen phosphate has good transmission from
390 nm to 1400 nm (0.39 μm – 1.4 μm) and combined with high
electro-optical coefficients makes it suitable for Pockels cells.Highly deuterated DKDP
(D>99% – WISOPTIC) is necessary to reach effective electro-optical
response.
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Characterized by the excelent UV transmission, high damage threshold,
and high birefringence, KDP (Potassium Dihydrogen Phosphate) are commonly used commercial NLO materials
for doubling, tripling and quadrupling of Nd:YAG laser at room
temperature or an elevated temperature. KDP are also excellent
electro-optic (EO) crystals with high EO coefficients, thus popularly
used as EO modulators and Pockels cells for Q-switched
lasers.
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The EO Q-switch (Pockels cell) is an electro-optic device in which the crystal
produces linear changes in the birefringence of the crystal (in contrast
to the Kerr Effect, which is quadratic with E).
Pockels cells are essential components in various optical devices such
as Q-switches for lasers, free space electro-optical modulators, free
space switches. WISOPTIC use highly deuterated DKDP (KD*P) crystal (D%>99%) to make high quality Q-switches with high laser induced damage threshold.
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BBO(Beta-Barium Borate, β-BaB2O4)based Pockels cells operate from approximately 0.2 - 1.65 µm and are not subject to tracking degradation. BBO exhibits low piezoelectric response, good thermal stability, and low absorption. Low
piezoelectric ringing makes this Pockels cell attractive for the control
of high-power and high-pulse repetition rate (hundreds of kilohertz, up to 1MHz) lasers.
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LN crystals are nonhygroscopic and have low absorption coefficient and insert loss. In addition, LN crystal can operate stably in a wide temperature range, which makes them the main EO crystal applied in military laser systems.LN electro-optic Q-switches are widely
used in Er:YAG, Ho:YAG, Tm:YAG lasers, and are suitable for low-power
Q-switched output, especially in laser ranging. LN Pockels cells can be very compact, and the half-wave voltage can be very low. By doping MgO in LiNbO3, the damage threshold of LN Pockels cells can been increased dramatically.
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KDP (KH2PO4 ) and DKDP/KD*P (KD2PO4 ) are among the most widely-used commercial NLO materials. With good UV transmission, high damage threshold, and high birefringence, these material are usually used for doubling, tripling and quadrupling of Nd:YAG laser. With high E-O coefficient, KDP and DKDP crystals are also widely used to make Pockels cells for laser system, such as Nd:YAG, Nd:YLF, Ti-Sapphire, Alexandrite, etc.
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Pockels Cell Driver for Q-Switching of Flashlamp Pumped LasersThese drivers are designed for Q-switching of nanosecond flashlamp pumped lasers without use of phase retardation plates, for example to drive a DKDP Pockels cell in YAG lasers for aesthetic therapy. High voltage is applied to Pockels cell in order to inhibit oscillation.
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Characterized by the excelent UV transmission, high damage threshold,
and high birefringence, KDP (Potassium Dihydrogen Phosphate) and KD*P
(Potassium Dideuterium Phosphate) are useful commercial NLO materials
for doubling, tripling and quadrupling of Nd:YAG laser at room
temperature or an elevated temperature. They are also excellent
electro-optic (EO) crystals with high electro-optic coefficients, widely
used as electro-optical modulators and Pockels cells for Q-switched
lasers.
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BBO features good optical transparency from around 200nm to over 2µm, offers a high
resistance to optical damage with power handling >3GW/cm2 for 1ns pulses at 1064nm. It
is possible to use BBO Pockels cells at average power levels of
hundreds of watts and power densities of several kW/cm2. In addition, BBO Q-switches have very
low levels of piezo-electric resonances.
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RTP Pockels cell has a number of benefits compared to other electro-optic materials:Non hygroscopicLow switching voltageGood extinction ratioNo piezo and pyro-electric effectsUsed either as RTP Q-switch or RTP pulsepicker WISOPTIC has developed precise alignment techniques that enable
us to offer our customers complete, plug-and-play RTP Pockels cell
assemblies with a superior level of performance.Crystal Size4x4x10 mm6x6x10 mm8x8x10 mmQuantity of Crystals222Static Half-wave Voltage @ 1064 nmX-cut: 1700 VY-cut: 1400 VX-cut: 2500 VY-cut: 2100 VX-cut: 3300 VY-cut: 2750 VE
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LiNbO3 (Lithium Niobate, LN) crystal is a multifunctional material that integrates properties of piezoelectric, ferroelectric, pyroelectric, nonlinear, electro-optical, photoelastic, etc. LiNbO3 has good thermal stability and chemical stability.Among the EO crystals, LN and DKDP are the two primary material that have been practical. DKDP crystals can be easily grown with a high optical homogeneity, which can satisfy the requirement of a large caliber Pockels cell.
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A Pockels cell driver is a high-voltage regulated power supply,
either pulse or continuous, allowing to control a birefringence of an
electro-optical crystal (KTP, KD*P, BBO, etc.) in order to drive the
polarization direction of the light propagating through the crystal.WISOPTIC has developed and produces a variety of Pockels cell drivers
for different applications: from very simple compact devices for
q-switching to precise and powerful fast models for pulse picking,
cavity damping, regenerative amplifier control, etc.
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KTP Pockels are based on hydrothermal-grown high resistivity KTP crystals overcomes the common
electrochromism damage of flux-grown KTP. Hydrothermal-grown KTP crystals have better optical homogeneity and higher damage threshold
comparing to RTP crystals. This KTP crystal has large effective electro-optic coefficients and lower
half-wave voltage. The Q-switch is built utilizing thermally compensated
double crystal designs.
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Basically all Pockels cell drivers are made based on
solid-state electronic technology, using high voltage transistors such
as MOSFETs.
Multiple high voltage transistors may have to be stacked, taking care to
achieve an even distribution of voltage across those.
Instead of using some heavily isolated floating gate drive circuitry for
the different transistors, one may use certain advanced ideas such as
implementing so-called avalanche switch stacks involving avalanche
diodes and/or avalanche bipolar transistors.Device lifetimes can be very long, provided that properly engineered
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WISOPTIC use in-house made dye laser cells to make dye laser handpieces. Pure input beam at 532nm is required to produce output beams of 585nm/595nm (energy over 100 mJ) and 650nm/660nm (energy over 80 mJ).
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Potassium
Dihydrogen Phosphate (KDP) and Potassium Dideuterium Phosphate (DKDP)
are among the most widely-used commercial NLO materials, characterized
by good UV transmission, high damage threshold, and high birefringence,
though their NLO coefficients are relatively low. They are usually used
for doubling, tripling or quadrupling of a Nd:YAG laser (at constant
temperature).
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RTP (Rubidium Titanyl Phosphate - RbTiOPO4) is a very desirable crystal material for E-O modulators and Q-switches. It has advantages of higher damage threshold (about 1.8 times that of KTP), high resistivity, high repetition rate, no hygroscopic or piezoelectric effect. As biaxial crystals, RTP’s natural birefringence needs to be compensated by use of two crystal rods specially oriented so that beam passes along the X-direction or Y-direction.
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LiNbO3 crystal is a low cost photoelectric material with good mechanical
and physical properties as well as high optical homogeneity. It has
been widely used as frequency doublers for wavelength > 1mm and
optical parametric oscillators (OPOs) pumped at 1064nm as well as
quasi-phase-matched (QPM) devices. With preferable E-O coefficients,
LiNbO3 crystal has become the most commonly used material for Q-switches
and phase modulators, waveguide substrate, and surface acoustic wave
(SAW) wafers, etc.
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Dye Laser Handpiece are devices that screw onto the end of the laser's arm and convert the energy that the laser produces into different, new wavelengths of light.The two most common dye handpiece wavelengths are 585 nm and 650 nm,
which attach to Q-switched Nd:YAG lasers. For these wavelengths to be
produced, the Nd:YAG's 1064 nm wavelength is frequency-doubled to
produce the 532 nm wavelength, which is then converted by the dye
handpieces to produce either 585 nm or 650 nm. WISOPTIC use in-house made dye laser cells to make dye laser handpieces.
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LiNbO3 (Lithium Niobate, LN) crystal is a multifunctional material that integrates properties of piezoelectric, ferroelectric, pyroelectric, nonlinear, electro-optical, photoelastic, etc. LiNbO3 has good thermal stability and chemical stability. Among the EO crystals, LN and DKDP are the two primary material that have been practical. DKDP crystals can be easily grown with a high optical homogeneity, which can satisfy the requirement of a large caliber Pockels cell.
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